New Georgia Encyclopedia: High Museum of Art

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High Museum of Art

Located

High Museum of Art

in the midtown section of Atlanta, the High Museum of Art is one of the most important art museums in the Southeast. Its permanent collection of more than 11,000 objects includes a range of significant works by nineteenth- and twentieth-century American artists, a highly respected collection of American decorative arts from 1825 to 1917, notable European holdings in paintings and prints, and growing collections of modern and contemporary art, photography, African art, and works by African Americans. The High is also committed to acquiring objects by southern artists as well as by folk and self-taught artists.

The High was established in 1905 as the Atlanta Art Association. In 1926 Harriet Harwell Wilson High donated her family's Peachtree Street residence to be used as a museum, and the association was renamed in her honor. By 1955 the collection had outgrown the High mansion and was moved to a new brick building adjacent to the house. Despite Atlanta's general ambivalence toward the fine arts at midcentury, the High grew steadily, albeit slowly, thanks to several generous bequests and gifts. In 1962 tragedy drew attention to Atlanta's cultural life—during a museum-sponsored tour, 106 Georgia arts patrons died in the Orly air crash near Paris, France. The Atlanta Arts Alliance was formed in honor of the victims, and in 1968 the Atlanta Memorial Arts Center opened.

Growth

High Mansion

continued, and in 1979 Coca-Cola executive Robert Woodruff proposed a challenge grant of $7.5 million for the construction of a facility exclusively for the High. Asked by fund-raisers to "help build a museum big enough for Atlanta," the citizenry responded, and the High raised $20 million. The first curators were hired in 1980, and construction began the following year on a white postmodern building designed by the architect Richard Meier.

The building, which opened in 1983, tripled the space of the High's previous home and quickly garnered praise; the building's gracefully curved façade on Peachtree Street became an Atlanta landmark. Its four-story atrium, surrounded by a spiraling ramp and capped by skylights, was inspired by Frank Lloyd Wright's modernist design of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York City. Key features of Meier's design include such strong architectural elements as the soaring atrium; an emphasis on modernist planes, curves, and lines; and galleries within galleries. The sculptural quality of the High's interior is enhanced by the play of light and shadow reenacted daily in the atrium. In 1984 the American Institute of Architects (AIA) gave it the Honor Award, architecture's highest recognition for excellence in design. In 1991 the AIA cited the museum building as "one of the ten best works of American architecture of the 1980s," and in 2005 it was honored in a U.S. Postal Service stamp series, "Masterworks of Modern Architecture."

In 1992 the museum received a Governor's Award in the Humanities.

A $124

High Museum of Art

million expansion to the High added three new buildings in 2005, more than doubling the gallery space to 93,800 square feet and allowing for larger-scale installations. The striking contemporary buildings, designed by acclaimed architect Renzo Piano, melded with the Meier structure and the Memorial Arts Center, forming what Piano called a "village for the arts." A European-style piazza fosters a sense of enclosure and gives midtown Atlanta a much-needed public space. The expansion also provides room for additional educational programming, a restaurant, and administrative offices.

Like other fine-art institutions, the High is continually refining its permanent collection. This dynamic institution has forged a twenty-first-century model for museum operations that includes collaborations with international institutions, ongoing relationships with major collectors, and high-profile exhibitions. The museum's strategies for collection-building and exhibition development include focusing on more-affordable collecting fields, such as photography, folk and self-taught art, and contemporary art, and devoting substantial attention to exhibitions of modern and contemporary art and to shows organized from important collections.